ESA’s ERS-2 satellite will reenter Earth’s atmosphere in February 2024.

The mission launched on 21 April 1995. At the time, it was the most sophisticated Earth observation spacecraft ever developed and launched by Europe. Together with the almost-identical ERS-1, it collected a wealth of valuable data on Earth’s land surfaces, oceans and polar caps and was called upon to monitor natural disasters such as severe flooding or earthquakes in remote parts of the world.

ERS-2 data are still widely used today and kept accessible through ESA’s Heritage Space Programme. More information about ERS-2 mission achievements can be found here.

In 2011, after 16 years of operations, ERS-2 was still functioning nominally but it was decided to end its operations and to deorbit the satellite to mitigate the proliferation of space debris. The satellite underwent a series of 66 deorbiting manoeuvres in July and August 2011, and was then completely passivated in September.

These manoeuvres used up the satellite’s remaining fuel and lowered its average altitude from 785 km to about 573 km in order to greatly reduce the risk of collision with other satellites or space debris and to ensure the satellite’s orbit would decay fast enough for it to reenter Earth’s atmosphere within the next 15 years.

That time has now come. ERS-2 will reenter Earth’s atmosphere in mid-February 2024.

As the spacecraft’s reentry is ‘natural’, without the possibility to perform manoeuvers, it is impossible to know exactly where and when it will reenter the atmosphere and begin to burn up.

ESA’s Space Debris Office is monitoring the satellite as its orbits decays and will provide regular updates in the days leading up to reentry on this blog, starting 5 February.

Click here for ‘ERS-2 reentry – live updates’ 

Click here for ‘ERS-2 reentry – frequently asked questions’